Rinjani Mountain

Where is Mount Rinjani?

Mount Rinjani is located on the island of Lombok in Indonesia. Lombok is situated in South East Asia, and forms part of the Lesser sunda isles Mount Rinjani’s geographical co-ordinates are 8°24′52″S 116°27′35″E. Technically Mt Rinjani is in North Lombok (it falls under the administration of the Regency of North Lombok), but the slopes of Gunung Rinjani National Park span to North, East, West and Central Lombok – the mountain very much dominates the island.

What classification of volcano does Mount Rinjani represent?

Mount Rinjani is a stratovolcano, a type of volcano built up of alternating layers of lava and ash. Stratovolcanoes are typically found along subduction zones, areas where one tectonic plate is pushed beneath another tectonic plate into the Earth's mantle. Mount Rinjani is also classified as a summa volcano, a volcanic caldera that has been partially filled by a new central cone, in this case the active Mt. Barujari.

What is the elevation of Mount Rinjani?

The summit of Mount Rinjani is situated at an elevation of 3,726 meters (12,224 feet) above mean sea level (AMSL).

Please provide an account of the formation of Mount Rinjani.

The volcanic activity that formed Mount Rinjani is due to the subduction of the Indo-Australian oceanic crust beneath the Lesser Sunda Islands (an archipelago of which Lombok is part). In its current form, Mt Rinjani and its large crater lake are thought to have formed when Mt Samalas erupted in 1257. This eruption was colossal in scale, and is believed to have contributed to a period of global cooling and mini ice age. Mt Barujari (which sits in the crater lake, Segara Anak) is the active part of this historic volcanic system. It is believed by geologists that Mt Samalas stood next to Mt Rinjani. If you imagine the slopes that lead up to the caldera continuing to a summit, you can speculate as to where Samalas stood, and how high. It is believed that pressure in a magma chamber beneath Samalas rose to such a point that it started cracking the rock above it. When the magma broke out of Samalas the chamber below it partially emptied. With nothing to support the great weight of Mt Samalas above, the mountain collapsed in on itself. At its peak the eruption of Samalas blasted out over one million tonnes of material a second. During the ultimate collapse of the mountain, six cubic miles of ash and volcanic rock formed giant pyroclastic flows that raced down towards the coast at speeds of over 125 miles per hour. An immense volcanic cloud started to envelop the whole world. This was a cataclysmic event that is thought to be greater in magnitude than the eruption of Krakatoa.

When did Mount Rinjani last experience an eruption?

Mount Rinjani last erupted on September 27, 2016. A small-scale eruption of Mt. Barujari (which sits in Lake Segara Anak) produced a plume of ash that rose 2km above the crater, disrupting air travel in the region. There were no fatalities or injuries resulting from the eruption.

Please advise on the level of risk involved in climbing Mount Rinjani.

In comparison to numerous other mountains worldwide, Mt. Rinjani presents a relatively safe climbing opportunity. The mountain is not technically challenging, with well-established and easily accessible routes. While there are some challenging sections of the climb, the use of ropes is not required. The primary routes are traversed by thousands of tourists annually, many of whom lack mountaineering experience. It should be noted that Mt. Rinjani is a volcanically active mountain. However, the active component, Mt. Barujari, is located in the lake, which is situated away from the trail. In the event that agencies detect indications of heightened volcanic activity that may culminate in an eruption, they will implement the precautionary measure of closing the National Park. Lombok is prone to seismic activity, which can result in the dislodging of rocks and the occurrence of landslides. In 2018, the mountain was evacuated successfully, and the park was temporarily closed. While fatalities are not uncommon, they are thankfully rare. The most prominent case of fatalities on the mountain occurred in 2007, when seven students died from exposure. The university students had embarked on the ill-fated expedition despite all trekking routes in the national park being closed due to inclement weather. For this and other reasons, Rinjani Adventurer always follows the rules of TNGR, the national park authority.

How to climb Mount Rinjani?

If you need up-to-date information about climbing Mount Rinjani, please read our official Mount Rinjani Trekking Guide. In short, the most direct route to Mt Rinjani’s summit is from the Sembalun side. Most ascents are usually made in the early morning. Although the mountain is not technically difficult, it is recommended to use a registered trekking company to climb Mount Rinjani. Many people choose to climb Mt Rinjani as a circuit, starting in Senaru and descending down to the crater lake, before climbing to the summit on the final day. You can climb Mt Rinjani as part of a 2 day/ 1 night; 3 day/ 2 night or 4 day/ 3 night package. Should you just want to climb as far as the crater rim (an achievement in itself) it is possible to do this as part of a 2 day / 1 night Senaru Crater Rim trek.

What to pack for a Rinjani Trek?

You can find a comprehensive Rinjani packing list in the official Mount Rinjani Trekking Guide which is published by Rinjani Adventurer  every year. In short,Rinjani Adventurer provides all camping and cooking equipment necessary for a Mt Rinjani trekking package. This is carried by our guides and porters. Most customers can fit all they need into a daypack of around 30-40l capacity. How many clothes you pack will depend on which Trekking Package you are doing. You should take enough clothes for the number of days you are trekking for. We can lend jackets, hats, gloves, trekking poles, and other essential items.

What to wear on Mount Rinjani?

For a complete packing-list and further information about climbing Mount Rinjani, please refer to our official Mount Rinjani Trekking Guide, which is updated frequently and serves as the most comprehensive resource for people wanting to summit Rinjani. In short, Lombok is situated in the tropics, so daytime temperatures are usually warm. T-shirt, shorts and trekking shoes are recommended for daytime walking. At night-time temperatures can drop significantly, so warm layers, trousers and a jacket are necessary. Going to the summit in the early morning can be particularly cold, especially if it is windy. In addition to the warm clothes already mentioned, hat and gloves are highly recommended. Being in the tropics there is also the chance of heavy rain. Rain can either be a quick shower or a prolonged torrent. For that reason, it’s worth taking a rain jacket or poncho. Please refer to our frequently asked questions for more in-depth advice about clothing and equipment.

How hard is Mount Rinjani?

The difficulty of climbing Mount Rinjani will depend on the fitness level and hiking experience of the individual. The distances covered each day are relatively short (typically 10-14km), but there is a significant elevation gain (equivalent to steep hills). The climb to the summit is challenging due to the combination of a steep gradient and soft terrain. However, it is possible for individuals of all ages and fitness levels to successfully climb Mount Rinjani.

2 Days & 1 znight Summit Proram

Fishing actifity at the Lake Segare anak

Trekk Up To Summit